Class 3 English Grammar Chapter 1: The Alphabet, Vowels & Consonants

 

Class 3 English Grammar

Chapter 1: The Alphabet, Vowels & Consonants

1.1 The Alphabet

• English has 26 letters, divided into vowels and consonants.

• Vowels: a, e, i, o, u

• Consonants: All other letters (b, c, d, f, g … z)

Examples of vowels in words:

• a → apple

• e → elephant

• i → ink

• o → orange

• u → umbrella

Examples of consonants in words:

• b → ball

• c → cat

• d → dog

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1.2 Vowels

• Vowels can be short or long.

  • Short vowels: a → cat, e → bed, i → pin, o → dog, u → cup

  • Long vowels: a → cake, e → bee, i → kite, o → boat, u → cube

Exercise 1: Identify the vowels in the words below:

1. tree

2. sun

3. kite

4. dog

5. umbrella

Answers:

1. e, e

2. u

3. i, e

4. o

5. u, e, a

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1.3 Consonants

• Consonants are letters other than vowels.

• Example: b, c, d, f, g … z

• Some consonants can combine with vowels to make blends: bl, cl, st, tr

Examples:

• bl → blue

• cl → clap

• st → star

• tr → tree

Exercise 2: Circle the consonants in the words:

1. cat

2. frog

3. star

4. elephant

5. tree

Answers:

1. c, t

2. f, r, g

3. s, t, r

4. l, p, h, n, t

5. t, r

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1.4 Alphabetical Order

• Letters are arranged from A → Z.

• Example: Arrange the letters c, a, f, b, d → a, b, c, d, f

Exercise 3: Arrange in alphabetical order:

1. m, j, a, r, e

2. t, z, o, l, k

Answers:

1. a, e, j, m, r

2. k, l, o, t, z

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1.5 Writing Words

• Words are formed by combining letters.

• Example: c + a + t = cat

• Words form sentences:

  • Cat runs.

  • I like mangoes.

Exercise 4: Make words from these letters:

1. d, o, g → _______

2. b, a, t → _______

3. s, u, n → _______

Answers:

1. dog

2. bat

3. sun

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1.6 Fun Activity: Vowel Hunt

• Find all the vowels in a sentence:

  The sun rises in the east.

• Vowels: e, u, i, e, i, e, a